Activist Chen Guangcheng, with his wife and son in Dongshigu village, in northeastern China's Shandong province, on March 28, 2005
Occupation: Lawyer
Status: Under house arrest
Blind since childhood and illiterate until he was 20, Chen Guangcheng earned the nickname “the barefoot lawyer” after teaching himself to be a human-rights attorney. The 40-year-old gained national and international attention for challenging the legality of forced abortions carried out under China’s one-child policy. After the case, Chen was sentenced to four years in prison on charges of “damaging property and organizing a mob to disturb traffic.” Chen and his family are kept under house arrest in the village of Dongshigu. Many high-profile visitors, including actor Christian Bale, have tried to reach Chen. They’ve all been turned away.
—by Kate Springer